Biogeochemical+Cycles

Pictures say 1000 words, so include as many as possible. Sarah Wells #8. What are green house gases? What is the greenhouse affect? What is Global warming Greenhouse gases naturally blanket the Earth and keep it about 33 degrees Celsius warmer than it would be without these gases in the atmosphere. The "greenhouse effect" is the heating of the Earth due to the presence of greenhouse gases. It is named this way because of a similar effect produced by the glass panes of a greenhouse. Global warming is an increase in the earth's average atmosphere temperature that causes corresponding changes in climate and that may result from the greenhouse effect. Shea Lyons Question #9- According to scientists, how are humans causing global warming. Most scientists say that the main cause of global warming is that an excessive amount of C02 is being released into the atmosphere. This creates a hole in the ozone layer and effects polar regions. In these polar regions important animals are suffering like polar bears. Humans have burned gasoline, coals, and other fossil fuels. This things also release harmful pollutants into the atmosphere as well as C02. Scientists say that they are 90% certain that humans are the cause of global warming. Meme Hand By extracting oil from the Earth, we release carbon, putting extra carbon into the air which is too much for plants to absorb on their own. What doesn't get absorbed goes into the atmosphere and damages the ozone layer.
 * 1) How are humans negatively affecting the carbon cycle?

The Water Cycle 1. Define the major processes/terms involved in the water cycle: Precipitation, Transpiration, Runoff, Evaporation, Percolation, Groundwater: Kamberlyn Blake Water Cycle:

-precipitation: water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, and hail. It is the primary connection in the water cycle that provides for the delivery of atmospheric water to the Earth. Most precipitation falls as rain.

-transpiration: the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere.

-run off: runoff is the movement of landwater to the oceans, chiefly in the form of rivers, lakes, and streams.

-evaporation: the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor

-percolation: the movement of water though the soil, and it's layers, by gravity and capillary forces.

- ground water: is a major contributor to flow in many streams and rivers and has a strong influence on river and wetland habitats for plants and animals.

Sharice Nixon 2. Insert a picture for the water cycle 3. What percentage of all the water on earth is fresh? What percentage of the fresh water is available for drinking? 3% of all the water on Earth is fresh. 0.768% of that water is available for us to drink. The rest of the fresh water are in glaciers.

Aleéja Barnes I think I deleted someone's question by accident. So sorry...I didn't mean to :(

4. How are humans negatively affecting the water cycle?
 * ===When humans pollute water it causes acid rain which kills fish and wildlife.===
 * ===Humans affect the water cycle by cutting down trees which increases runoff and it can over pollute water with soil.===
 * ===Humans build parking lots, roads, and roofs on houses that drain water more quickly back to sewer lines. This leaves less water for plants and humans to have later.===
 * ===Some factories and manufacturers pour their chemicals and livestock waste into streams and rivers, which causes the water to become poisonous and many aquatic organisms die.===
 * ===Thermal pollution from power plants cause aquatic animals and plants to die by reducing the oxygen content of the water.===

The Carbon Cycle 5. Describe the short term carbon cycle 6. Describe the long term carbon cycle. How are carbon compounds found in plants converted into fossil fuels over millions of years? Sam Wells: The Carbon Cycle is the Biochemical process in which carbon is exchanged with the Biosphere, Pedosphere, Geosphere, Hydrosphere, and Atmosphere. The plant dies and mixes into the ground, as time goes by it releases carbon constantly. Then the carbon settles in the sediment and over time builds up and creates fossil fuels. 7. How are humans negatively affecting the carbon cycle? 8. What are greenhouse gases? What is the greenhouse effect? What is global warming? 9. According to scientists, how are humans causing global warming? The Nitrogen Cycle 10. Describe the following terms in the nitrogen cycle: atmospheric nitrogen, nitriogen fixation and nitrogen fixing bacteria, nitrifications, assimilation, ammonification, denitrification

**The Nitrogen Cycle** By: Grif Rutherford

**Atmospheric Nitrogen:** nitrogen in the air is about 78% of all the air **Assimilation:** the absorbing of nitrogen by plants **Ammoniafication:** decomposition (waste), turns back into ammonia **Denitrofication:** takes away nitrogen **Nitrification:** the nitrogen from the air gets moved to the soil, and then can be absorbed **Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria:** any bacteria that combines with oxygen to create compounds that are useable by plants. Akeem larkins Nitrogen Cycle Questions 11. What are usable forms of nitrogen used by plants? Dinitrogen, Nitrate, Ammonia, and organic nitrogen. 12. How are humans negatively impacting the environment by using and making nitrogen compounds? It causes respiratory problems in animals and humans, it injures plants and causes smog.

11. What are the usable forms of nitrogen used by plants?? Nitrates (NO3)

12. How are humans negatively impacting the environment by using and making nitrogen compounds? Humans are harming the environment twice with man made fertilizer. 1st the manufacturing of fertilizer harms the enviornment and putting too much fertilizer on the ground can run off into rivers, lakes and even penetrate ground water.

13. What is eutrophication? How is it caused? A picture would look nice for this one. Mr. B Hays Hankinson answer: it is a natural process in lakes. Eutrophication is caused by excessive nutrients in the water causing the depletion of oxygen supply and death of water organisms. this is due to the soil rich in nutrients washed away to the water because there are no trees to hold the soil intact. Phosphorus Cycle 14. Where is phosphorus found? Where is it not found? Nice Work Jasmine! Very neat and I like the pic, i just enlarged it a bit- Mr. B

Jasmine Dixson
//**Where is phosphorus found?**// //**Where is it not found?**//
 * Phosophorus can be found on Earth in water, soil, and sediments. In the atmosphere they can be found in dust particles.
 * Phosophours cannot be found in air in the gaseous state because phosophours are liquid at normal temperatures and pressures. They are never found as a free element in nature on Earth

[[image:phosphoruscycle.gif width="584" height="298"]]
15. How does it from rock to living organisms? Rachael willis **How is phosphorus transferred from the rocks to living organisms?** Phosphorus is an non-metallic, nitrogen based element that usually occurs in phosphate rocks and oric phosphate in living things. Usually the way phosphorus is transferred from rocks to living organisms is because as time passes, the water hitting against the rocks begins to break them down, causing causing the phosphorus to release. As the phosphorus releases, it is carried down stream to the soil water. After the phosphorus is absorbed by the soil water, the soil water is then absorbed by plants. Then the herbivores eat the plants that have absorbed the phosphorus and then the carnivores eat the herbivores. Through this long energy cycle, the living organism receives the element.

__16. What are the usable forms of phosphorus?__ McKenna Matthews What are the usable forms of phosphorus?

__Red Phosphates__  __Violet Phosphates:__

__Black Phosphates:__  __White Phosphates:__